A
ABACK to ADMIRAL of the fleet
Vice-ADMIRAL to AFTER-SAILS
AGENT-VICTUALLER to ALL'S WELL
ALL bands high to ANCHOR
To drag the ANCHORS to To fish the ANCHOR
To sheer the ship to her ANCHOR to Top-ARMOUR
ASHORE to AUGER
ASHORE
ASTERN
ATHWART
ATHWART-HAWSE
ATHWART the fore-foot
ATHWART-SHIPS
ATRIP
AVAST
AVERAGE
AUGER
AWEIGH to AZIMUTH COMPASS
Search
Contact us
AVERAGE
AVERAGE, in commerce (avarie, Fr. averagium, Lat.) the accidents and misfortunes which happen to ships and their cargoes, from the time of their loading and sailing, till their return and unlading. It is divided into three kinds. 1. The simple or particular average, which consists in the extraordinary expences incurred for the ship alone, or for the merchandise alone; such as the loss of anchors, masts, and rigging, occasioned by the common accidents at sea; the damages which happen to merchandises by storms, capture, shipwreck, wet, or rotting; all which must be borne and paid by the thing that suffered the damage. 2. The large and common average, being those expences incured, and damages sustained, for the common good and security, both of the merchandise and vessel, consequently to be borne by the ship and cargo, and to be regulated upon the whole. Of this number are the goods or money given for the ransom of the ship and cargo; things thrown overboard for the safety of the ship; the expences of unlading, or entering into a river or harbour, and the provisions and hire of the sailors when the ship is put under embargo. 3. The Small averages, which are expences for towing and piloting the ship out of, or into harbours, creeks, or rivers; one third of which must be charged to the ship, and two thirds to the cargo.AVERAGE is more particularly used for a certain contribution that merchants make proportionably towards their losses. It also signifies a Small duty which the merchants, who fend goods in another man's ship, pay to the matter, for his care of them, over and above the freight. Hence it is expressed in the bills of lading, paying so much freight for the said goods, with damage and average accustomed.
 |
Reference Works |  |
© Derived from Thomas Cadell's new corrected edition, London: 1780, page 24, 2003
Prepared by Paul Turnbull
http://southseas.nla.gov.au/refs/falc/0087.html